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【罗工秘籍12】到底什么是Lin?

时间:2021-01-21 13:27:34 浏览次数:1977

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经常有老师看文献时看到参考指标时会时不时的蹦出来一个lin-,然后查抗体时却发现怎么查怎么都查不到这个lin的抗体,究竟是怎么一回事呢?

这期罗工秘笈就来和大家聊聊这个熟悉而又陌生的指标:Lin。

那么到底什么是lin呢?

lin的全称又叫Lineage,或者Lineage cocktail,这个指标在流式上并不是指的某一个指标,而是指的某一类指标的集合体。

比如在做human DC细胞的鉴定时,Lin就是CD3/CD19/CD20/CD14等指标的集合指标,把这些抗体混合在一起,就叫做DC细胞的lin-指标。

 

Historical 4-color staining method: cluster resolution and phenotypic characteristics of mDC and pDC subsets. DC subsets were stained with lineage (lin) mAb cocktail (anti-CD3,−14,−19,−20) and with anti-CD11c and anti-CD123 (IL-3R α). mDC are lin- CD11c+ HLA-DR+ cells; pDC are lin-, CD123bright HLA-DR+.

Mario G. Solari, et al. Transplantation. ;85(11):1513-1522.

那么为什么要进行lin-的鉴定的?简单的来说,就是为了排除法。

还是以上面的DC细胞为例,human的DC细胞的表型为Lin-和HLA-DR+,如果我们单纯标记HLA-DR+,实际上有很多细胞,比如T,B等免疫细胞都会存在其阳性的细胞群,这时如果以HLA-DR+为DC亚群当然就不准了。

而我们除了HLA-DR+外此时又找不到一个合适的DC特异性标志物,于是只能退而求其次,把所有非DC细胞都排除掉,即选择CD3/CD19/CD20/CD14同时和HLA-DR进行标记,前者阴性后者阳性的即为DC细胞了。

而此时因为我们只需要上面这些其他细胞都为阴性,所以这些细胞的标记物我们可以都选择同一种荧光,从而形成的集合抗体混合物,就是我们所说的Lin-,也就是Lineage cocktail了。

所以总结一下Lin的特点:

当你的目的细胞缺乏特异性标记物时;

需要通过排除法排除其他细胞;

将需要排除的各类细胞marker进行荧光标记(可同一荧光标记,节约荧光通道),形成混合抗体,此时的混合抗体就是我们的Lin了。

当然,需要大家注意的一点就是,Lin的名字虽然是固定的,但是Lin的内容却千万不是一成不变的哦!一定不要随手查一个Lin就直接购买了,我们的Lin一定是要根据你自己的待测细胞不同而有着不同的指标集合的。

这里,我就总结一些比较常见的lin给大家分享:

1. Human DC细胞的Lin:CD3/CD19/CD20/CD14。

需要注意CD56这个指标,有的DC亚型据说会有CD56+,所以这里不纳入Lin的集合,仅供参考:

CD56 + DCs adopt certain characteristics attributed to pDCs. 

(A) The expression of BDCA4 and ILT7 in different DC subpopulations from PBMC were analyzed by FACS. Data shown are one representative of 3 donors. 

(B) CD123+CD56− (pDC), CD123+CD56+ (CD56+) and CD123−CD11C+ (mDC) were purified from PBMC, E2-2, Spi-B and TLR9 expression in those three DC populations were analyzed by RT-PCR. 

Error bars represent standard derivation from duplicated PCR samples of same donor. Data shown are one representative of 3 donors. 

(C) Purified DCs were stimulated with CpG B for 24 h, and the expression of TNFα were analyzed by ELISA. Data shown are summarized from 3 independent experiments. 

(D) Lineage depleted PBMCs were stimulated with CpG B for 6 h, then stimulated cells were collected and stained with Lin, HLA-DR, CD123, CD11C and CD56 followed by intracellular staining of TNFα. 

The Lin− HLA-DR+ cells were divided into CD123+CD56− (pDC), CD123+CD56+ (CD56+) and CD123− CD11C+ (mDC) subsets, TNFα expression in each DC subset were analyzed. 

(E) Summarized data of (D) from 5 independent donors

Haisheng Yu, et al. Protein Cell. 2015 Apr;6(4):297-306.

2. 间充质干细胞的Lin:CD45, CD34, CD14 or CD11b, CD79a or CD19, and HLA-DR中至少选3-4个标记

参考如下:

The ISCT has proposed a minimal set of three standard criteria to be used as the uniform definition of multipotent MSCs: 

1) adherence to plastic, 

2) specific surface antigen expression, and 3) multipotent differentiation potential. 

The phenotype of multipotent MSCs is defined to be, at a minimum, the cell surface co-expression of the antigens CD105, CD73, and CD90 (≥95% positive) and the absence of hematopoietic lineage markers CD45, CD34, CD14 or CD11b, CD79a or CD19, and HLA-DR (≤2% positive).

The ISCT has emphasized that the optimal flow cytometric assay uses multicolor analysis to demonstrate that individual cells co-express unique MSC markers and lack hematopoietic antigen expression.

3. 固有淋巴细胞(ILCs):

 

小鼠:

T cells (CD3+), B cells (CD45R+), monocytes (CD11b+), erythrocytes (TER-119+), and neutrophils (Gr-1+)

参考文献:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5070710/

 

也有一些文献选择更加细化的剔除各类细胞:CD3, CD5, CD19(B220), TCRβ, TCRγδ, Gr1, Ter119, CD8α and F4/80

参考文献:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6862482/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7025824/

 

人类:

CD15,CD14,CD3,CD19,CD56,CD11b

参考文献:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5948134/

同样值得一提的是,有些文献认为NK1.1或是CD56这类NK标记物在一些ILCs里也是存在表达的,所以介意的话也就不要选择为你的Lin的一员了哦。

好了,今天的罗工秘籍就到这里告一段落了,还有哪些你知道的要做lin的细胞呢?欢迎在评论区里留言哦~

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