STING (D1V5L) Rabbit mAb

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING, TMEM173, MITA) is a transmembrane adaptor protein that is a critical component of the cellular innate immune response to pathogenic cytoplasmic DNA (1,2). STING is a ubiquitously expressed protein found predominantly in the ER (1). The enzyme cGAMP synthase (cGAS) produces the second messenger cyclic-GMP-AMP (cGAMP) in response to cytoplasmic DNA (3,4). cGAMP binds and activates STING (3,4). In addition, detection of cytoplasmic DNA by nucleic acid sensors, including DDX41 or IFI16, results in STING activation (5,6). Following activation, STING translocates with TBK1 to perinuclear endosomes (7). The TBK1 kinase phosphorylates and activates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) and NF-κB, which leads to the induction of type I interferon and other immune response genes (1,2,7). 1.Ishikawa, H. and Barber, G.N. (2008) Nature 455, 674-8. 2.Zhong, B. et al. (2008) Immunity 29, 538-50. 3.Sun, L. et al. (2013) Science 339, 786-91. 4.Wu, J. et al. (2013) Science 339, 826-30. 5.Zhang, Z. et al. (2011) Nat Immunol 12, 959-65. 6.Unterholzner, L. et al. (2010) Nat Immunol 11, 997-1004. 7.Ishikawa, H. et al. (2009) Nature 461, 788-92.